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Tuscaloosa County is a county in the U.S. state of Alabama.〔 "ACES Winston County Office" (links/history), Alabama Cooperative Extension System (ACES), 2007, webpage: (ACES-Tuscaloosa ). 〕 As of the 2010 census, its population was 194,656.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/01/01125.html )〕 Its county seat and largest city is Tuscaloosa, the former state capital from 1826 to 1845.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 The county is named in honor of Tuskaloosa, a paramount chief of the Mississippian culture, considered ancestors of the Choctaw in the region.〔 Tuscaloosa County is included in the Tuscaloosa, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is the home of the University of Alabama. ==History== Tuscaloosa County was established on February 6, 1818. During the antebellum years, the principal crop was cotton, cultivated and processed by African-American slaves. By 1860, shortly before the state seceded from the Union, the county had a total of 12,971 whites, 84 "free colored" and 10,145 slaves; the latter comprised 43.7 percent of the total population.〔(Tom Blake, "MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES" ), Tuscaloosa County, AL, February 2002, at Rootsweb〕 The war brought significant changes, including migration out of the county by blacks. "By the 1870 census, the white population of Tuscaloosa County had decreased about 9% to 11,787, while the "colored" population decreased about 19% to 8,294."〔 Some freedmen moved to nearby counties and larger cities for more opportunities and to join with other freedmen in communities less subject to white supervision.〔 Following passage by Alabama of the 1901 constitution that disenfrachised most blacks, followed by the state legislature passing laws to impose Jim Crow, and problems of continued violence by lynchings, many African Americans left Alabama in two waves of the Great Migration. They went to Northern and Midwestern industrial cities. Their mass departure is reflected in lower rates of county population growth from 1910 to 1930, and from 1950 to 1970. (see Census Table below.) As a result of these changes and growth by the white population, "by 1960, 100 years later, the County was listed as having 77,719 whites, about six times more than 100 years earlier, while the 1960 total of 31,303 "Negroes" was about three times more than what the colored population had been 100 years before."〔 They represented 28.7% of the population and were still disenfranchised. After passage of the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965, African Americans regained their ability to vote and participate in the political system. In 2015, one of the four elected County Commissioners is African American. Since the late 20th century, white conservatives in Alabama and other southern states have increasingly supported Republican Party candidates. African Americans have generally supported the Democratic Party, in a realignment of politics in the state since the period after Reconstruction. In the 21st century, the principal agricultural products have included hay, corn, cotton, soybeans, wheat and snapdragons.〔 Major companies in the county have included JVC, Mercedes-Benz U.S. International, Uniroyal-Goodrich, and Phifer Inc.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tuscaloosa County, Alabama」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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